Author: Zachary

Name: September 9, 2016
Humanities Making Thirteen Colonies

Directions: Finish reading chapter 1 in Making Thirteen Colonies. Answer the following questions below, responding in complete sentences and using textual evidence and analysis. This assignment is due Monday, September 12th. Proofread your work carefully.

1.What is the main idea of this chapter?
This chapter is about the people questioning religion and embracing modern day science. “New thinkers, like the italian scientist Galileo Galilei, were actually saying that Aristotle, the greatest of scientist, had some ideas that were wrong! Galileo even whispered that Nicolis Capricornus might be right. Capricornus, a polished astronomer, had said the sun, not the earth is this center of the universe. How could that be? Everyone knew that the planets and stars and sun all revolved around the earth. If that idea was wrong then the pope and all of Europe’s rulers were wrong.” This quote basically sums up the whole chapter. During the Medieval Era Europe was able to rely off of Guy de Chauliac practices. But as time went by and more deep thinkers were put to science, they started to realize God and science are unrelated. If the pope was wrong and the he was answering to God, then God was wrong. People’s faith were getting weaker and that caused more and more focus on science.

2 Identify/Define the following names/terms:
(no textual evidence needed for these)
a. Galileo Galilei:
Galileo Galilei was a man who supported Nicholas Copernicus and changed Europe and the rest of the world for the rest of time. He also had many inventions such as a more powerful telescope and made the mysteries of the sky more clear with scientific order.

b. Nicholas Copernicus:
Nicolaus Copernicus was a Polish astronomer who challenged the great scientist Aristotle and all the European rulers and the Pope about the science behind the universe.

3. How did Copernicus, and later Galileo, challenge religion and tradition in the sixteenth century?
Copernicus and Galileo challenged the church and its geocentric tradition and as a result they were labeled as misguided. Since the Church was very defensive and ostracized Copernicus and Galileo they were able to make a name for themselves. People started to move into more modern scientific thinking.

Notecards
Christians who committed sins
Source:
“Dying, Death, and Body Disposal.” Encyclopedia of American Environmental History , Facts on File, 2010, online.infobase.com/hrc/search/details/208303?q=death. Accessed 12 Oct. 2016.
URL:
http://online.infobase.com/hrc/search/details/208303?q=death
Quote:
“Religion was an important element in several early American colonies. Christian services involved a religious service and burial. In some areas, churches denied Christian burials to “sinners” (unmarried pregnant women, adulterers, criminals, and non-Christians), disposing of their bodies in pits or unsanctified areas. Christians were often buried in yards adjacent to churches and set aside for burial. European American colonial grave markers were often flat with death’s head images referred to as memento mori that served as reminders that death was imminent.”
Paraphrase:
-Religion was a big part of Colonial America
-All Christians were buried
-In parts of Colonial America churches didn’t allow people who were sinners to g a graveyard
-Sinners included unmarried pregnant women, adulterers, criminals, and non Christians
-For those sinners, Christians would bury them in pits or unholy
-Christians were buried in graveyards next to the church
-On graves Christians put skulls and different symbols to remind the community death happens to everyone and there is no stopping it
My Ideas:
Christian burial in Colonial America is very similar to modern burial around the world. I can infer this is because Christianity is one of the dominate religion today. In the colonial society it was better to be a believer. You were looked down upon and punished for being a sinner. As well as shame, you also get a lot of privileges taken away from you. For example in the article it says, “In some areas, churches denied Christian burials” ( to sinners). Funerals are a very big deal and have been throughout all of time. Everywhere that you go in the world there is a special way of burying people. In fact most of the ceremonies involve God. So for a humans body to be cast aside in a pit it must mean that Christians had a zero tolerance level for atheism. I can infer that this is what kept the church in power. Not only did the church have money power and fame, they also have control of you in the afterlife. What point did the church lose its power? I find it fascinating that Christians were able to except death and face it head on. Maybe the reason why they put skulls on the graves was some kind of superstition?
History:
Created: 10/12/2016 07:16 PM

Name: Zach Humanities
7th Grade The Giver

Outline for GIVER LITERARY ESSAY

Themes: Control and Freedom ( Talk about Jonas when talking about freedom)
P
Paragraph #1: Introductory Paragraph (GIT)

Grabber Statement (G): In a world where fear strikes through the souls of the citizens in the form of control, a young boy named Jonas searches for freedom. This is the the Giver by Lois Lowry.

Introduce Plot Summary (I): Jonas the main character is very thoughtful of his everyday life. He yearns for difference. On his 12 birthday he receives a job with great honor. This opens eyes,
the world he lives in is riddled with casualties.

E
Thesis Statement (T): This society is a dystopia because the citizens are manipulated by the Elders and there is no room for freedom.
_________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph #2: Thematic Analysis

Topic Sentence (T): Control and freedom is something the community of the Giver struggles with.

Explanatory Sentence (E): In The book The Giver control is clouded by perfection. The Council of Elders uses the thought of perfection and or the thought of a “utopia’ for control. In this book freedom is imperfection.

Evidence (E): One example of that is this quote. “Of course our community can’t function smoothly if people don’t use precise language. You could ask, ‘Do you enjoy me?’ The answer is ‘Yes,’” his mother said. “Or,” his father suggested, “‘Do you take pride in my accomplishments?’ And the answer is wholeheartedly ‘Yes.’” “Do you understand why it’s inappropriate to use a word like ‘love’?” Mother asked. Jonas nodded. “Yes, thank you, I do,” he replied slowly. It was his first lie to his parents.” Page 106

Analysis (A): In this example of control, its emotion. Since emotion defines who you are, the elders created homogeneity. So now not only do the Elders control you, they also made you equal to everyone else. This makes it easier to take control of the community. All of the rules in the society were made around the thought of leadership. In a way the people of the giver are robots. They have no emotion, they don’t feel anything and they can’t even see color. The Elders made them this way so that they can program themselves into power.

Concluding/ Transition (C): The only way to have a perfect society is to have no freedom

__________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph #3: Thematic Analysis Continued

Topic Sentence (T): In the giver freedom is unable to coexist with the citizens.

Explanatory Sentence (E): The freedom to choose is what puts people in poverty. The choices that humans make in our world everyday that decisions their future. In The Giver’s society your fate is decided as soon as your our born.

Evidence (E): This shows most in The Giver on page 90. “‘They know nothing,’ The Giver said bitterly. Jonas was shocked. Since the first day in the Annex room, they had together disregarded the rules about rudeness, and Jonas felt comfortable with that now. But this was different, and far beyond rude. This was a terrible accusation. What if someone had heard?”

Analysis (A). In a world where everything is carefully thought out, emotions don’t fit in. Emotions are unpredictable. To keep these emotions in check The Elders have strategic rules in place. Rules in The Giver oppress freedom. The rule about rudeness gave Jonas a taste of freedom. As soon as he had a sliver of freedom he set out on a journey for more because he knew that he would not find any staying where he was.

Concluding/ Transition (C): Perfection is a great thing, but everything comes with a cost.

__________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph #4: Concluding Paragraph (ROC)

Reflection of Thesis (R): Choice does not have a place in a utopia and when there’s no choice that creates control by a dictatorship.

Overview of Main Points (O):

Concluding Sentence– Comparisons and Connections (C): The Giver makes forces readers to reflect on what is means to be a perfect world. Everybody on earth dreams to be rich and successful. Although some think the distribution of power and difference is unfair. Those people want equality. The Giver made equality but took it to a whole new level. To be equal is not being the same. The giver make you realise having the same privilege is not the same as being the same.

In a world where fear strikes through the souls of the citizens in the form of control, a young boy named Jonas searches for freedom. This world is The Giver by Lois Lowry. Jonas the main character is very thoughtful in his everyday life. He yearns for difference in a world of homogeneity. On his 12th birthday he receives a job with great honor behind it. This opens eyes, the world he lives in is riddled with casualties. This society is a dystopia because the citizens are manipulated by The Elders and there is no room for freedom.
Control and freedom is something the community of The Giver struggles with. In The book The Giver control is clouded by perfection. The Council of Elders uses the thought of perfection and or the thought of a “utopia” for control. In this book freedom is imperfection. One example of that is in this quote. “Of course our community can’t function smoothly if people don’t use precise language. You could ask, ‘Do you enjoy me?’ The answer is ‘Yes,’” his mother said. “Or,” his father suggested, “‘Do you take pride in my accomplishments?’ And the answer is wholeheartedly ‘Yes.’” “Do you understand why it’s inappropriate to use a word like ‘love’?” Mother asked. Jonas nodded. “Yes, thank you, I do,” he replied slowly. It was his first lie to his parents.” (The Giver, 106). In this example of control, The Elders use emotion to manipulate people. Since emotion defines who you are, The Elders created homogeneity. So now not only do the Elders control the community, they also made you equal to everyone else. This makes it easier to take control of the community. All of the rules in the society were made around the thought of leadership. In a way the people of The Giver are robots. They have no emotion, they don’t feel anything and they can’t even see color. The Elders made them this way so that they can program themselves into power. The only way to have a perfect society is to have no freedom.
In The Giver freedom is unable to coexist with the citizens. The freedom to choose is what puts people in poverty. The choices that humans make in our world everyday are the decisions that decide their future. In The Giver’s society your fate is decided as soon as your our born. This shows most in The Giver on page 90. “‘They know nothing,’ The Giver said bitterly. Jonas was shocked. Since the first day in the Annex room, they had together disregarded the rules about rudeness, and Jonas felt comfortable with that now. But this was different, and far beyond rude. This was a terrible accusation. What if someone had heard?” In a world where everything is carefully thought out, emotions don’t fit in. Emotions are unpredictable. To keep these emotions in check The Elders have strategic rules in place. Rules in The Giver oppress freedom. The rule about rudeness gave Jonas a taste of freedom. As soon as he had a sliver of freedom he set out on a journey for more because he knew that he would not find any staying where he was. Perfection is a great thing, but everything comes with a cost.
Choice does not have a place in a utopia and when there’s no choice that creates control by a dictatorship. The Giver forces readers to reflect on what is means to be a perfect world. Everybody on earth dreams to be rich and successful. Although some think the distribution of power and difference is unfair. Those people want equality. The Giver made equality but took it to a whole new level. To be equal is not being the same. The Giver make the reader realise having the same privileges is not the same as being the same.

Your overall goal with hatching is to convey movement. But at the same time depth. You can only go in one direction or else the flow is ruined. This is one of the four basic styles of value.

untitledI think our group worked well together but we could have split up the work more evenly. I think if we had completed this in a longer time it would have been better acted out and our accents would be better articulated. All and all I did the homework assignments. I think as a group we could have been more productive in editing before we handed it in to the teacher. If we had done this project again I would have given a longer time to do the assignment, I would assign different people different meals and I would give class time for practice specificle.

Over the summer I read a book called The Time Traveler, by H.G Wells. This book takes place in England in the 1890s, in the year AD 802,701, and more than 30 million years in the future. This book is about a man who builds a Time Machine and come back to tell his story to his peers. The Time Traveler is a very cunning and untrustworthy person. I think one of the main themes of the book is Time. Its obvious that the book is about time. But not in the way you would think. In this book it kept on throwing around big ideas about time and the way we look at versus the way it actually is.